Diesel Shipbuilding Company, Jacksonville FL
Diesel Shipbuilding Company was started by the Coppedge family in 1952, at 14030 Atlantic Boulevard, which was on the south side of the bridge carrying Atlantic Boulevard over the Intracoastal Waterway. At about the same time, they acquired the Bellinger shipyard, which had been started by James F. Bellinger in 1946 and was located at 13911 Atlantic Boulevard, which was on the north side of the bridge carrying Atlantic Boulevard over the Intracoastal Waterway. Diesel Shipbuilding instituted a hull numbering system which retroactively assigned hulls 1 through 38 to Bellinger's output and everything after that to Diesel. The company continued at this location until closing in the downturn of the early 1980s. See the site from the air on Google here. If anyone can add to the table below, please email info@navalmarinearchive.com.
Most recent update: 2 July 2020.
Hull # | O.N. | Original Name | Original Owner | Ship Type | GT | Ft. | Built | Disposition |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Note: Hulls 1-21 Built By Bellinger Shipbuilding at Bartram Road | ||||||||
Note: Hulls 22-38 Built by Bellinger Shipbuilding at Pablo Creek | ||||||||
Hulls 39-219 Built by Diesel Shipbuilding at Atlantic Boulevard | ||||||||
39 | JHC 74 | J.H. Coppedge & Co. | Barge | 75 | Nov-52 | |||
41 | Arundel Corp | Barge | 32 | Dec-52 | ||||
42 | C. D. Codrington | Hydraulic Dredge | 40 | Feb-53 | ||||
43 | 266310 | Star | J.H. Coppedge | Towing Vessel | 54 | 62 | Jul-53 | Later Bridgebuilder VIII 1955, to Venezuela 1957 |
44 | 266538 | Paul B | Duval Engineering & Contracting | Towing Vessel | 22 | 44 | Oct-53 | Hull only, completed by owner, later St. Lucie 1981, NLD |
45 | 268366 | Mars | Bronx Towing Line | Towing Vessel | 18 | 44 | Aug-54 | Later Catherine 1954, Mike 1960 |
46 | 269635 | Betsy H | Gahagan Dredging Co. | Towing Vessel | 18 | 44 | May-55 | NLD |
47 | 267594 | Dauntless | Newport News SB & DD Co. | Towing Vessel | 31 | 48 | May-54 | Active |
48 | 269634 | Nancy H | Gahagan Construction Corp. | Towing Vessel | 18 | 44 | 1954 | NLD |
49 | Cent. & S. Florida Flood Control | Barge | 40 | 1954 | ||||
50 | Venezuela | Ponte Vedra | Orinco Mining Co. | Towing Vessel | 100 | 57 | 1955 | |
51 | Cent. & S. Florida Flood Control | Barge | 40 | 1954 | ||||
52 | Nicaragua | Christine | H.K. Ferguson Co. | Hydraulic Dredge | 1954 | |||
53 | JHC-48 | J.H. Coppedge & Co. | Barge | 48 | 1954 | |||
54 | Dixie & Gilcrest Counties | Barge | 40 | 1954 | ||||
55 | Humphrey's Gold Corp. | Workboat | 24 | 1955 | ||||
56 | Humphrey's Gold Corp. | Workboat | 18 | 1955 | ||||
57 | Diesel Engine Sales Inc. | Barge | 40 | 1955 | ||||
58 | Diesel Engine Sales Inc. | Barge | 40 | 1955 | ||||
59 | DES 285 | Diesel Engine Sales Inc. | Barge | 80 | 1955 | |||
60 | DES 145 | Diesel Engine Sales Inc. | Barge | 60 | 1955 | |||
61 | Putnam County, Fla. | Barge | 40 | 1955 | ||||
62 | 527834 | SC 44 BJ | Wanamaker & Wells, Inc. | Workboat | 8 | 26 | 1955 | Originally licensed, later 16 C 579, documented 1970 as Harbor Light |
63 | Gahagan Construction Co. | Workboat | 28 | |||||
64 | 270540 | Charlotte | Gulf Atlantic Towing Corp. | Towing Vessel | 29 | 54 | Oct-55 | NLD |
65 | 271213 | Gatco Georgia | Gulf Atlantic Towing Corp. | Towing Vessel | 29 | 54 | Jul-56 | NLD |
66 | Jupiter | Diesel Engine Sales Inc. | Workboat | 28 | 1956 | |||
67 | 272324 | Gatco Carolina | Gulf Atlantic Towing Corp. | Towing Vessel | 29 | 54 | Sep-56 | Later Mo Bro #1 1964, sold Mexico 1982 |
68 | Venezuela | Indio | Orinico Mining Company | Towing Vessel | 57 | 1956 | ||
69 | Humphrey's Gold Corp. | Workboat | 24 | 1957 | ||||
70 | Harriet | Norfolk Dredging Co | Workboat | 28 | 1957 | |||
71 | Humphrey's Gold Corp. | Workboat | 24 | 1957 | ||||
72 | 273414 | Pecalin | St. Petersburg Towing & Marine | Towing Vessel | 18 | 44 | Feb-57 | NLD |
73 | Owens-Illinois Glass Co. | Barge | 40 | 1957 | ||||
74 | 273879 | Buchanan Sisters | Buchanan Sisters Inc. | Towing Vessel | 35 | 54 | May-57 | Later Martha, Janice |
75 | 274846 | Clera | Standard Dredging Co. | Towing Vessel | 18 | 44 | Aug-57 | NLD |
76 | Diesel Engine Sales Inc. | Pontoon | 8 | 1957 | ||||
77 | Diesel Engine Sales Inc. | Pontoon | 8 | 1957 | ||||
78 | 275040 | William L | Owens-Illinois Glass Company | Towing Vessel | 55 | 60 | Sep-57 | Later Sun Rebel 1979, Joseph A, NLD |
79 | 276507 | Judith Steers | Steers Sand & Gravel Corp. | Towing Vessel | 37 | May-58 | Later Anne Steers 1965, Catherine M. Brown 1968, Bear, now Elizabeth Anna | |
80 | 274311 | 1230 | Merritt-Chapman & Scott Corp. | Barge | 13 | 40 | Jun-57 | NLD |
81 | 274312 | 1231 | Merritt-Chapman & Scott Corp. | Barge | 13 | 40 | Jun-57 | NLD |
82 | 274313 | 1232 | Merritt-Chapman & Scott Corp. | Barge | 13 | 40 | Jun-57 | NLD |
83 | 274314 | 1233 | Merritt-Chapman & Scott Corp. | Barge | 13 | 40 | Jun-57 | NLD |
84 | Norfolk Dredging Co | Barge | 60 | Sep-57 | ||||
85 | JHC 400 | J.H. Coppedge & Company | Barge | 80 | Dec-57 | |||
86 | 18Y1170 | Diesel Engine Sales, Inc. | Workboat | 32 | Feb-58 | |||
87 | 276998 | Gatco Texas | Gulf Atlantic Towing Corp. | Towing Vessel | 58 | 60 | Jun-58 | Later Teal, Stephen B, Jeremy Fisher, Barbara Lind, now Maggie Hall |
88 | 277412 | Gatco New York | Gulf Atlantic Towing Corp. | Towing Vessel | 58 | 60 | Oct-58 | Later Swift |
89 | JHC 300 | J.H. Coppedge & Company | Barge | 80 | Mar-58 | |||
90 | 557684 | Revilo 5 | F.V. Oliver, Inc. | Tank Barge | 653 | 180 | Jun-58 | Later Sun State 5 1977, VB-10, CMC 642 |
91 | 277424 | 21 | Inter-American Shipping Services | Deck Barge | 230 | 100 | Aug-58 | Later MECI 9 1975 |
92 | 277825 | Bubet | J.H. Coppedge & Company | Passenger | 14 | 38 | Nov-58 | Sold British 1960 |
93 | 277590 | Contest | Merritt-Chapman & Scott Corp. | Personnel Launch | 14 | 38 | Oct-58 | NLD |
94 | 278099 | Norfolk | Norfolk Dredging Co. | Towing Vessel | 33 | 54 | Dec-58 | Active |
95 | 277641 | Bridgebuilder XI | Diesel Shipbuilding Co. | Workboat | 14 | 38 | Oct-58 | Sold Venezuela 1965 |
96 | 278595 | J.H.C. 850 | J.H. Coppedge & Company | Deck Barge | 314 | 120 | Dec-58 | Later B.H. No. 35 |
97 | 278596 | J.H.C. 851 | J.H. Coppedge & Company | Deck Barge | 314 | 120 | Mar-59 | Later B.H. No. 120 |
98 | 278485 | Tiny Tim | Diesel Shipbuilding Co. | Passenger | 14 | 38 | Feb-59 | Later Bridgebuilder XII 1960, Fairfax 1962 |
99 | J.H.C. 100 | J.H. Coppedge & Company | Deck Barge | 60 | Feb-59 | |||
100 | 280616 | Swiftwind | J.H. Coppedge & Company | Executive Cruiser | 44 | 53 | Mar-60 | NLD |
101 | 289983 | JHC 301 | J.H. Coppedge & Company | Barge | 117 | 80 | Apr-59 | Later Mico No. 1 |
102 | 280619 | Nomad | J.H. Coppedge & Company | Towing Vessel | 42 | 54 | Mar-60 | |
103 | Diesel Engine Sales Inc. | Pontoon | 40 | May-59 | ||||
104 | Diesel Engine Sales Inc. | Pontoon | 40 | May-59 | ||||
105 | Humphrey Gold Corp. | Workboat | 24 | May-59 | ||||
106 | 280197 | J.H.C. 852 | J.H. Coppedge & Company | Deck Barge | 314 | 120 | Sep-59 | |
107 | 280385 | J.H.C. 853 | J.H. Coppedge & Company | Deck Barge | 314 | 120 | Sep-59 | Later S.D. 257 |
108 | J.H.C. 500 | J.H. Coppedge & Company | Deck Barge | 110 | Jul-60 | |||
109 | unknown | Dupont Co. | Workboat | 28 | Jul-60 | |||
110 | J.H.C. 501 | J.H. Coppedge & Company | Deck Barge | 110 | Sep-60 | |||
111 | J.H.C. 502 | J.H. Coppedge & Company | Deck Barge | 110 | Oct-60 | |||
112 | 287665 | J.H.C. 503 | J.H. Coppedge & Company | Barge | 213 | 110 | Nov-60 | Later S.D. 256 1963, scrapped 1971 |
113 | 289631 | John H. Glenn, Jr. | New York City FD | Fireboat | 81 | 65 | Aug-62 | Active |
114 | 284631 | Judo | R.C. Roebling | Workboat | 10 | 30 | Feb-61 | NLD |
115 | 285979 | Jamaica | Bogan's Basin, NJ | Passenger | 98 | 81 | Jun-61 | Later Capt. Dave 1971, Jamaica II 1971, Dawn 1977 |
116 | Romeral I | Hughes Bros. Inc./ Beth. Steel Co. | Towing Vessel | 35 | Sep-62 | |||
117 | 526503 | Modena | R.C. Roebling | Freight | 63 | 75 | 1964 | NLD |
118 | 289070 | Jane M | Morrison-Knudsen of Portugal | Towing Vessel | 18 | 44 | Jul-62 | To Portugal 1966 |
119 | 289071 | Neville W. | Morrison-Knudsen of Portugal | Towing Vessel | 18 | 44 | 1962 | |
120 | 289330 | Henrietta W. | Morrison-Knudsen of Portugal | Towing Vessel | 18 | 44 | Aug-62 | To Portugal 1966 |
121 | 289329 | Betty B. | Morrison-Knudsen of Portugal | Towing Vessel | 18 | 44 | Aug-62 | To the Netherlands 1964 |
122 | 290980 | Ring Power | Seminole Ninety, Inc. | Towing Vessel | 18 | 44 | Apr-63 | Later Lauren M, Eileen G, now First Light |
123 | 290887 | Laured | J.H. Coppedge & Company | Towing Vessel | 20 | 44 | Apr-63 | Later Bayou Brute 1966, active |
124 | 291079 | J.H.C. 450 | J.H. Coppedge & Company | Barge | 204 | 88 | Apr-63 | NLD |
125 | 524056 | J.H.C. 350 | J.H. Coppedge & Company | Barge | 61 | 80 | May-63 | Later MECI No.4, sold British 1977 |
126 | Peru | Jean Baptiste | SCB Peru | Towing Vessel | 44 | May-63 | ||
127 | Ray Qualmann Marine Cont. | Barge | 50 | May-63 | ||||
128 | 292616 | Vincent | J. Rich Steers, Inc. | Towing Vessel | 18 | 44 | Aug-63 | Later George Steers 1967, Patricia Steers 1976, Hoboken, active |
129 | JHC 150 | J.H. Coppedge & Company | Barge | 50 | Jul-63 | |||
130 | 297294 | Nancy | Atlantic Gulf & Pacific Company | Dredge Tender | 18 | 44 | 1964 | To Panama 1977 |
131 | Hillsboro Inlet Imp. Dist. Comm. | SP Barge | 20 | Mar-64 | ||||
132 | 296742 | Diesel Ship | Diesel Shipbuilding Co. | Towing Vessel | 11 | 30 | Oct-64 | Exempt 1965 |
133 | J.H.C. 805 | J.H. Coppedge & Company | Barge | 316 | 100 | 1964 | Later Mobro 805 | |
134 | J.H.C. 351 | J.H. Coppedge & Company | Barge | 61 | 80 | Jun-64 | ||
135 | Cardinal Construction Co. | SP Barge | 20 | Jun-64 | ||||
136 | 297162 | JHC 806 | J.H. Coppedge & Company | Barge | 316 | 100 | 1964 | |
137 | Federation Chemicals, Ltd. | Launch | 24 | 1964 | ||||
138 | Sherbro Minerals Ltd | Workboat | 28 | 1964 | ||||
139 | 500868 | Brothers | J.H. Coppedge & Company | Towing Vessel | 72 | 61 | Jul-65 | Later Mako II (Britsh Registry) returned to US Flag as Mako, now Heidi |
140 | Export | Soc. de Construction | Towing Vessel | 44 | Apr-65 | |||
141 | 500867 | JHC-550 | J.H. Coppedge & Company | Barge | 237 | 110 | 1965 | |
142 | 502189 | JHC-551 | J.H. Coppedge & Company | Barge | 237 | 110 | Jan-66 | Later Mobro 551 1972, Mobro II |
143 | 503465 | Anne Marie | Dillingham Overseas Corp. | Towing Vessel | 18 | 44 | May-66 | |
144 | Houdaille-Duval Co. | Pontoon | 8 | Jul-65 | ||||
145 | Houdaille-Duval Co. | Pontoon | 8 | Jul-65 | ||||
146 | 502922 | Proteus I | Proteus Foods, Inc. | Fishing Vessel | 93 | 65 | Apr-66 | To Venezuela 1971 |
147 | 505355 | Proteus III | National Equipment Rental | Fishing Vessel | 93 | 65 | Sep-66 | To Venezuela 1971 |
148 | Latex 69 | Latex Construction Co. | Barge | 60 | Sep-65 | |||
149 | 506608 | Mr. Lew | John Fernandez | Fishing Vessel | 93 | 65 | Dec-66 | Later Nightstalker 1977, now Seven Kids |
150 | 507047 | Lady Marian | Storter & McRae Shrimp Co. | Fishing Vessel | 93 | 65 | Feb-67 | Lost 1969 off Tortugas |
151 | 508073 | Donev | Donevco, Inc. | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | Apr-67 | Active |
152 | 508715 | White Cloud | Hamilton & White | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | May-67 | NLD |
153 | 509430 | Bonnie Bonita Tam | Bonita Shrimp, Inc. | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | Jul-67 | Later Jo-Ann Maria 1979, Ponte Delgado, Kelly & Jennifer, now Kelly Marie |
154 | Export | Columbia | International Caribbean Corp. | Fishing Vessel | 100 | 72 | Sep-67 | |
155 | 513047 | Lady Selita | H.M. Hutton | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | Nov-67 | |
156 | 512995 | Oak Ridge Gal | A.A. Adams | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | Feb-68 | To Honduras 1976 |
157 | St. Maarten | Columbia No. 2 | International Caribbean Corp. | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | Mar-68 | |
158 | St. Maarten | Columbia No. 3 | International Caribbean Corp. | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | Apr-68 | |
159 | St. Maarten | Columbia No. 5 | International Caribbean Corp. | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | May-68 | |
160 | 515542 | Lady Pearl | International Oceanographic Corp. | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | Jul-68 | |
161 | 516021 | Jonesville Gal | International Oceanographic Corp. | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | Aug-68 | To Panama 1974 |
162 | 516835 | Lady Katrina | International Oceanographic Corp. | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | Oct-68 | To Panama 1974 |
163 | St. Maarten | Columbia No. 7 | International Caribbean Corp. | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | Dec-68 | |
164 | Guyana | Guysea Darling I | Guyana Seafoods Ltd. | Fishing Vessel | 104 | Jan-69 | To British registry 316438 | |
165 | 517877 | Calabash Girl | Calabash Gal, Inc. | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | Dec-68 | To Panama 1974 |
166 | 521909 | Apollo IX | Dover Trading Co. Inc. | Fishing Vessel | 96 | Jul-69 | To Brazil 1972 | |
167 | St. Maarten | Columbia No. 8 | International Caribbean Corp. | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | Jun-69 | |
168 | 524527 | She-Don-Di | Charles Prior | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | Jan-70 | |
169 | 521822 | Mobro II | M.D. Moody & Sons | Towing Vessel | 25 | 44 | Jul-69 | Active |
170 | 520058 | Howard W | Backus, Howard Towing Co. | Towing Vessel | 20 | 44 | May-69 | Active (Jamaica) |
171 | 526931 | Miss Lisa | A. & J. Seafood Corp. | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | May-70 | To Honduras 1972 |
172 | Brazil | Saturno | IPECCA, Fortaleza | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | Jan-71 | |
173 | Brazil | Urano | IPECCA, Fortaleza | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | Feb-71 | |
174 | 523960 | Radrala I | Raymond Dravo Langenfelder | Towing Vessel | 20 | 44 | Aug-69 | Later Capt. Mike 1972, active |
175 | 523961 | Radrala II | Raymond Dravo Langenfelder | Towing Vessel | 20 | 44 | Sep-69 | Now Karen C |
176 | 524342 | Mercurio I | Dover Foods of Texas, Inc | Fishing Vessel | 142 | 75 | Dec-69 | NLD |
177 | 523335 | Margery Jane | Ocean Industries Inc. | Towing Vessel | 20 | 44 | Nov-69 | NLD |
178 | Japan | Flower No. 1 | Kyokuyo Co. Ltd. | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | Apr-71 | |
179 | Japan | Flower No. 2 | Kyokuyo Co. Ltd. | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | Apr-71 | |
180 | Brazil | Dourado | Norte Pesca, Recife | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | Sep-71 | |
181 | Brazil | Tarpao | Norte Pesca, Recife | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | Oct-71 | |
182 | Brazil | Titanic | IPECCA, Fortaleza | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | Dec-71 | |
183 | Brazil | Dalila | IPECCA, Fortaleza | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | Aug-72 | |
184 | Brazil | Tufao | IPECCA, Fortaleza | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | Sep-71 | |
185 | Brazil | Sansao | IPECCA, Fortaleza | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | Feb-72 | |
186 | Brazil | Apache | IPECCA, Fortaleza | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | Jun-72 | |
187 | Trinidad | Columbia No. 9 | Lucaship, Port of Spain | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | Jun-72 | |
188 | Trinidad | Columbia No.10 | Lucaship, Port of Spain | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | Jun-72 | |
189 | 543326 | Ringneck | Johnson & Johnson Processors | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | Oct-72 | Later Gypsy Rose |
190 | 545415 | Cayenne Lita | H & S Trawlers, Inc. | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | Jan-73 | To France 1978 |
191 | 545414 | Cayenne Karin | H & S Trawlers, Inc. | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | Jan-73 | Later Body Snatcher 1979, to Haiti 1981 |
192 | Brazil | Rasputin | IPECCA, Fortaleza | Fishing Vessel | 142 | 75 | Jun-73 | |
193 | Brazil | Cossaca | IPECCA, Fortaleza | Fishing Vessel | 142 | 75 | Jun-73 | |
194 | 553748 | Columbus Express | H & S Trawlers, Inc. | Fishing Vessel | 142 | 75 | Dec-73 | NLD |
195 | 553749 | 0277 Park | H & S Trawlers, Inc. | Fishing Vessel | 142 | 75 | Nov-73 | To Colombia |
196 | 554963 | Cayenne Julie | Borden Inc. | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | Feb-74 | Later Hot Dog 1978, now Capt Tommy |
197 | 554964 | Cayenne Sarita | Borden Inc. | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | Feb-74 | Later Yo-Yo 1978 |
198 | 556572 | Cayenne Shirley | Borden Inc. | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | May-74 | Now Gloria Michelle, (owned by NOAA), active |
199 | 556772 | Cayenne Laura | Borden Inc. | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | May-74 | To France 1978 |
200 | 558405 | Cayenne Deanne T | Borden Inc. | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | Jul-74 | To France 1978 |
201 | 559041 | Cayenne Gracy M | Borden Inc. | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | Sep-74 | Later Little Star 1989 |
202 | Brazil | Espada | Norte Pesca, Recife | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | Oct-74 | |
203 | Brazil | Marlin | Norte Pesca, Recife | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | Dec-74 | |
204 | Brazil | Cayland | Cayman Seafood Supplies | Fishing Vessel | 106 | 65 | 1975 | |
205 | Honduras | Capt. Zapata | D.R. Zapata, Bay Islands | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | 1977 | |
206 | Honduras | Capt. Jimmy | Merren & Miller, Bay Islands | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | 1978 | |
207 | 582110 | Jean G | Gates Construction Corp. | Towing Vessel | 20 | 44 | May-77 | Later Weeks 451, now Rick H. |
208 | 608020 | Miss Toby | M/V Miss Toby Inc. | Fishing Vessel | 154 | 75 | Jun-79 | Now Mariette |
209 | 590730 | Miss Careilou | Johnson & Johnson Processors | Fishing Vessel | 96 | 65 | Mar-78 | Later Capt Adam Mikeal |
210 | 596215 | Gulf King 55 | Herrndon Marine | Fishing Vessel | 98 | 65 | Jul-78 | To Costa Rica 1981 |
211 | 598591 | Miss Diane | George W. Huth | Fishing Vessel | 97 | 65 | Oct-78 | Later Ruth-Anne |
212 | 604520 | Garden State | Great Lakes Dredge & Dock Co. | Towing Vessel | 25 | 43 | Apr-79 | NLD |
213 | Bahamas | Half Moon | Mama Rhoda Investment | Fishing Vessel | Feb-79 | |||
214 | 616709 | Calypso II | Defiant Trawler Company | Fishing Vessel | 99 | 65 | Jan-80 | NLD |
215 | 618211 | Pan American II | Modern Fleet Inc. | Fishing Vessel | 99 | 65 | Mar-80 | NLD |
216 | 613985 | Daniel Joncaire | NY State Power Authority | Towing Vessel | 25 | 43 | 1979 | Active |
217 | Ecuador | Canopus | Marine Mercante Guayaquil | Towing Vessel | 46 | 1980 | ||
218 | ||||||||
219 | Ecuador | La Libertad | Port Authority, La Libertad | Towing Vessel | 46 | 1980 |